Purpose

To defend Paul's apostolic authority and restore his relationship with the Corinthian church.

Author

Paul, writing his most personal and emotional letter. This reveals Paul's heart more than any other epistle, showing his deep love for the Corinthians despite their treatment of him.

Historical Context

Written: 56 AD. After a painful visit and harsh letter, Paul seeks reconciliation with the church.

Significance

Reveals Paul's heart and teaches about finding strength in weakness and comfort in suffering.

Key Themes

Apostolic Authority, Suffering, Comfort, Generosity, Weakness in Strength

Interesting Facts

• Paul's most personal and emotional letter
• Paul lists his incredible sufferings for the gospel (11:23-28)
• Contains Paul's vision of the third heaven

In 2 Corinthians Chapter 13, Paul concludes his second letter to the Corinthians with a blend of authority and pastoral care. This chapter serves as a culmination of his earlier arguments, emphasizing his authority as an apostle while also seeking to restore the relationship with the Corinthian church. Paul begins by stating that he is coming to them for the third time, invoking the principle that every charge should be confirmed by two or three witnesses, a reference that underscores the seriousness of sin and the need for accountability within the church community. He warns those who have sinned, reiterating that he will take disciplinary action if necessary upon his arrival. This underscores his pastoral responsibility and the weight of his apostolic authority. In verses 3-4, Paul reminds them of Christ’s power, which contrasts with His perceived weakness during the crucifixion. He emphasizes that though he appears weak in his dealings with them, he will demonstrate strength through Christ when he arrives. This sets the tone for the necessity of self-examination within the church, where Paul calls on the Corinthians to assess their faith and relationship with Christ (verse 5). He expresses his hope that they will not only test themselves but will also find him and his companions to have passed the test of authenticity and faithfulness. Paul articulates his desire for their restoration rather than punishment, showing his pastoral heart in verse 9. He writes to encourage them to do what is right, regardless of how his authority may be perceived. His focus on building up rather than tearing down reflects his deep concern for their spiritual well-being. In the final verses, Paul offers a series of exhortations that encourage unity, peace, and comfort among the believers. He concludes with a warm and communal farewell, urging them to greet one another with affection and sharing a benediction that encapsulates the essence of Christian fellowship—the grace of Jesus, the love of God, and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit. Paul’s closing remarks serve as a reminder of the importance of community and the divine presence within the church as they move forward together in faith and unity.