Purpose

To provide a songbook for worship and express the full range of human emotions in relationship with God.

Author

Multiple authors over 1,000 years. David wrote nearly half (73 psalms), often during his years as a shepherd, warrior, and king. Other contributors include worship leaders, musicians, and poets.

Historical Context

Written: 1440-400 BC. Israel's worship songs covering 1,000 years of history from Moses to the exile.

Significance

The Bible's prayer book and hymnal, showing us how to relate to God honestly in every circumstance.

Key Themes

Worship, Prayer, God's Character, Trust, Deliverance

Interesting Facts

• Psalms is the longest book in the Bible with 150 chapters
• Jesus quoted Psalms more than any other Old Testament book
• Psalm 117 is the shortest chapter in the Bible (2 verses)

Prophecies

• Messianic psalms predicting Christ's suffering and glory (Psalms 22, 69, 110, etc.) Fulfilled: Jesus fulfilled these in His crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension (1000 years later)

Psalm 113 is a vibrant and joyous declaration of worship that emphasizes the majesty of God and His intimate involvement in the lives of His people. The chapter opens with a call to praise, encouraging all servants of the Lord to exalt His name not just temporarily, but for eternity ('from this time forth and forevermore'). This sets the tone for the psalm, as it underscores the importance of continuous worship. The psalmist then highlights the universal scope of God's glory and greatness, stating that His name is to be praised from the rising to the setting of the sun, encapsulating the entirety of the day and, symbolically, the world. The psalm transitions into a profound reflection on God's sovereignty, revealing that He is not only exalted in the heavens but also intimately aware of the affairs of humanity. The rhetorical question, 'Who is like the Lord our God?' emphasizes His uniqueness and majesty. This God, who occupies the highest place, chooses to look down upon the earth with compassion. A significant theme in this chapter is God's care for the marginalized and downtrodden. The psalmist proclaims that God lifts the poor from the dust and raises the needy from the ash heap, showcasing His desire to elevate those who are often overlooked or oppressed. This act of divine intervention is not just about physical elevation but also about restoring dignity and purpose, as He makes them sit with princes, indicating a change in social status and honor. Furthermore, the psalm concludes with a touching image of God's power to transform lives, particularly in the case of the barren woman. By giving her a home and making her a joyous mother of children, God demonstrates His ability to bring hope and fulfillment where there once was despair. The chapter encapsulates the essence of worship—recognizing God's greatness while also celebrating His personal involvement in our lives. The final exclamation, 'Praise the Lord!' serves as a fitting conclusion, encouraging all to respond to the Lord's goodness with heartfelt worship.