Purpose

To provide a songbook for worship and express the full range of human emotions in relationship with God.

Author

Multiple authors over 1,000 years. David wrote nearly half (73 psalms), often during his years as a shepherd, warrior, and king. Other contributors include worship leaders, musicians, and poets.

Historical Context

Written: 1440-400 BC. Israel's worship songs covering 1,000 years of history from Moses to the exile.

Significance

The Bible's prayer book and hymnal, showing us how to relate to God honestly in every circumstance.

Key Themes

Worship, Prayer, God's Character, Trust, Deliverance

Interesting Facts

• Psalms is the longest book in the Bible with 150 chapters
• Jesus quoted Psalms more than any other Old Testament book
• Psalm 117 is the shortest chapter in the Bible (2 verses)

Prophecies

• Messianic psalms predicting Christ's suffering and glory (Psalms 22, 69, 110, etc.) Fulfilled: Jesus fulfilled these in His crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension (1000 years later)

Psalm 123 is a poignant expression of dependence on God, reflecting the posture of servitude and submission of the faithful to their divine Master. This psalm is categorized as a 'Song of Ascents,' indicating its use during pilgrimages to Jerusalem, likely recited by worshippers as they ascended the hills toward the city. The psalmist begins with a direct address to God, lifting their eyes to Him, who is enthroned in the heavens, emphasizing the transcendence and sovereignty of the Lord. This act of looking up signifies trust and reliance on God, likening the faithful to servants who attentively gaze at their masters, waiting for guidance and mercy. The imagery of servants looking to their masters not only highlights the need for direction but also reinforces the deep sense of humility and expectation. The psalmist implores God for mercy, acknowledging a state of spiritual and emotional distress caused by overwhelming contempt from others. This reflects the broader theme of suffering and the need for divine intervention in the face of human scorn and ridicule. Further, the psalm conveys the deep anguish of the soul, as the psalmist expresses that they have experienced more than enough of contempt. This suggests that their suffering is not just physical but also deeply rooted in emotional and spiritual pain. The juxtaposition of the scorn of the proud and the plight of the faithful highlights the disparity between those who are comfortable in their arrogance and those who are humble and dependent on God. In summary, Psalm 123 serves as a reminder of the importance of looking to God for mercy and support amidst trials and adversities. It encourages believers to maintain an attitude of humility and steadfastness in faith, even when confronted with the disdain of others. The psalm resonates with anyone who feels marginalized or oppressed, reaffirming that God's mercy is the ultimate refuge and source of hope.